高壓脈沖放電電極氣隙擊穿點特征的試驗研究
李洪陽
(北京市雷閃防雷設施檢測服務中心,北京 102299)
摘 要:針對高壓脈沖放電中異形放電電極對電弧路徑起始點影響的特征,使用馬克思發生器制造高壓脈沖電弧,通過更換不同形狀的正負電極形成不同的電弧路徑,觀察多次放電試驗并進行樣本統計。得出了高壓脈沖電弧正極放電發射點只受極間距離影響,在氣隙擊穿至負電極的最短距離處形成電弧。負電極的擊打點與其曲率半徑相關,在最小曲率面處被擊穿。通過氣隙擊穿放電路徑的選擇性試驗研究,為探究雷電放電路徑選擇性的規律提供了參考。
關鍵詞:高壓脈沖放電;氣隙擊穿;發射點;擊打點;曲率半徑
中圖分類號:TM835;TM862 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:1007-3175(2020)09-0047-04
Experimental Study on the Characteristics of Air Gap Breakdown Point of High Voltage Pulse Discharge Electrode
LI Hong-yang
(Beijing Leishan Testing Service Center of Lightning Protection Facilities, Beijing 102299, China)
Abstract: In view of the characteristics of the effect of abnormal discharge electrodes on the starting point of arc path in high voltage pulse discharge, a Marx generator was used to create a high-voltage pulse arc, by changing the positive and negative electrodes of different shapes to form different arc paths, observe multiple discharge tests and conduct sample statistics.It is concluded that the emission point of positive electrode is only affected by the distance between the electrodes, and an arc is formed at the shortest distance from the gap to the negative electrodes.The strike point of the negative electrode is related to its radius of curvature and is broken down on the minimum curvature surface.The selectivity test of air gap breakdown discharging path is helpful to explore the selectivity rule of lightning discharging path. Suggestions for design of needle selection and equipment manufacturing of direct lightning protection flasher are given.
Key words: high voltage pulse discharge; air gap breakdown; emission point; strike point; radius of curvature
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