基于阻抗匹配和爬山搜索法的光伏MPPT控制研究
劉林1,魯月娥2
(1 國(guó)網(wǎng)荊門供電公司,湖北 荊門 448000;2 三峽大學(xué) 電氣與新能源學(xué)院,湖北 宜昌 443002)
摘 要:為解決爬山搜索法等傳統(tǒng)光伏發(fā)電最大功率跟蹤(MPPT) 控制的動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)速度和穩(wěn)定性難以兼顧,粒子群優(yōu)化模糊控制等智能MPPT 控制復(fù)雜且計(jì)算量大的不足,引入光伏電池的工程數(shù)學(xué)模型,采用最大功率傳輸定理分析MPPT 的本質(zhì)。針對(duì)光伏板上光照強(qiáng)度、溫度及負(fù)載阻抗可測(cè)量,爬山搜索法無(wú)需知道光伏板所處環(huán)境狀態(tài),提出了利用外界光照、溫度來(lái)給定最大功率參考值,實(shí)現(xiàn)輸出功率的初步最大跟蹤,當(dāng)輸出功率接近理論最大輸出功率時(shí),利用變步長(zhǎng)爬山搜索法完成最大輸出功率準(zhǔn)確跟蹤的改進(jìn)型MPPT 算法。仿真結(jié)果表明,所提的算法能快速完成MPPT 功能,具有良好的動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)能力和跟蹤穩(wěn)定性。
關(guān)鍵詞:光伏發(fā)電;阻抗匹配;爬山搜索法;最大功率跟蹤;仿真
中圖分類號(hào):TM615 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):1007-3175(2017)03-0001-05
Control Study on Maximum Power Point Tracking of Photovoltaic System Based on
Impedance Matching and Hill-Climbing Search Method
LIU Lin1, LU Yue-e2
(1 State Grid Jingmen Power Supply Company, Jingmen 448000, China;
2 College of Electrical Engineering & Renewable Energy, Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China)
Abstract: Because the dynamic response speed and stability of the traditional photovoltaic maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control such as hill-climbing search method are difficult to balance, particle swarm fuzzy optimization control and other intelligent MPPT control is complex and needs large amount of calculation, this paper introduced the engineering mathematic model of photovoltaic cells and used the maximum power transfer theorem to analyze the essence of MPPT. For the light intensity, temperature on the photovoltaic panels and load impedance could be measured, and the hill-climbing search method did not require the measurement of the photovoltaic panel’s environment condition, this paper proposed to use outside light and temperature to give the maximum power reference value, so as to realize the initial maximum power output tracking. When the output power closed to the theoretical maximum output power, the variable step hill-climbing search method was used to complete the improved MPPT algorithm of maximum power output tracking accurately. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can quickly complete the MPPT function, with good dynamic response ability and tracking stability.
Key words: photovoltaic power generation; impedance matching; hill-climbing search method; maximum power point tracking; simulation
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